Mvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri inosanganisira kugadzira mvura yetsvina, kugadzirwa kwetsvina uye mvura inotonhorera. Inoreva mvura yetsvina uye tsvina yemvura inogadzirwa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, iyo ine zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira maindasitiri, zvigadzirwa zvepakati, ne-zvigadzirwa uye zvinosvibisa zvinogadzirwa mukugadzira nzira inorasika nemvura. Kune marudzi mazhinji emvura yetsvina yeindasitiri ine zvinhu zvakaomarara. Semuyenzaniso, electrolytic munyu maindasitiri mvura yetsvina ine mercury, inorema simbi inonyungudutsa maindasitiri mvura yetsvina ine lead, cadmium nedzimwe simbi, electroplating maindasitiri mvura yetsvina ine cyanide uye chromium uye mamwe simbi inorema, peturu inonatsa mumaindasitiri mvura inoraswa ine phenol, pesticide kugadzira maindasitiri mvura yetsvina ine mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, etc. Sezvo mvura yetsvina yemumaindasitiri kazhinji iine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine muchetura, kusvibisa nharaunda kunokuvadza hutano hwevanhu, saka zvakafanira kuvandudza mashandisirwo akazara, kushandura kukuvadza kuita pundutso, uye kutora matanho ekuchenesa anoenderana nekuumbwa uye kuwanda kwezvinosvibisa. mumvura yetsvina isati yabuda.
Mvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri inoreva mvura yetsvina, tsvina uye tsvina inogadzirwa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, iyo ine zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira maindasitiri, zvigadzirwa zvepakati uye zvigadzirwa zvakarasika nemvura uye zvinosvibisa zvinogadzirwa mukugadzira maitiro. Nekukurumidza kukura kweindasitiri, mhando uye huwandu hwemvura yakaraswa zvakawedzera nekukurumidza, uye kusvibiswa kwemitumbi yemvura kwawedzera kupararira uye kwakakomba, kutyisidzira hutano hwevanhu uye kuchengeteka. Nokudaro, nokuda kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kurapwa kwemvura yakasvibiswa yeindasitiri kwakakosha kudarika kurapwa kwetsvina yemuguta.
Kazhinji kune marudzi matatu:
Yekutanga ndeyekuronga zvinoenderana nemakemikari ezvimiro zvezvinosvibisa zvikuru zviri mumvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri. Mvura yetsvina inonyanya kuve ine inorganic pollutants, uye mvura yetsvina kazhinji ine organic pollutants. Semuyenzaniso, electroplating tsvina nemvura yetsvina kubva mumineral processing is inorganic wastewater, tsvina inobva kuchikafu kana petroleum processing is organic wastewater, uye tsvina inobva muindasitiri yekudhinda nekudhaya inosanganiswa tsvina. Mvura yetsvina inoburitswa kubva kumaindasitiri akasiyana ine zvikamu zvakasiyana.
Yechipiri ndeyekurongedza zvinoenderana nezvigadzirwa uye kugadzirisa zvinhu zvemabhizinesi emaindasitiri, senge metallurgical wastewater, papermaking wastewater, coking marasha gasi tsvina, metal pickling wastewater, chemical fertilizer wastewater, textile printing and dying wastewater, dhayi tsvina, dehwe tsvina, mushonga wekuuraya zvipembenene. tsvina, chiteshi chemagetsi mvura yetsvina, nezvimwe.
Rudzi rwechitatu rwunoiswa muchikamu zvichienderana nezvikamu zvikuru zvezvinosvibisa zviri mumvura yetsvina, zvakaita semvura ine acidic tsvina, alkaline wastewater, cyanide-ine tsvina ine cyanide, chromium-ine tsvina ine chromium, cadmium-ine tsvina yemvura, mercury-ine tsvina, phenol-containing wastehyte. -ine tsvina ine tsvina, mafuta-ine tsvina yemvura, sulfur-ine tsvina ine sulfur, organic phosphorus-ine tsvina ine tsvina uye radioactive tsvina.
Nzira mbiri dzekutanga dzekuronga hadzibatanidzi zvikamu zvikuru zvezvinosvibisa zviri mumvura yakasviba, uye hazvigone kuratidza kukuvadza kwemvura yakasviba.
Kukosha kwekuongororwa kwemvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri
Kazhinji, mvura yetsvina inogadzirwa muhupenyu hwedu inenge isina zvinhu zvine chepfu, nepo kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri mvura yetsvina ingangove ine zvinorema simbi, makemikari nezvimwe zvinokuvadza. Kubvisa pasina kurapwa hakungokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwakakomba kune zvakatipoteredza, asi kambani ichasanganawo nefaindi uye zvirango. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, zvinozorairwa kumisa bhizinesi uye kuvhara pasi.
Ita basa rakanaka mukuyedza mvura yetsvina mumaindasitiri, dzora kutariswa uye kuburitswa kwezvinosvibisa mumvura mvura isati yaburitswa kuti isapfuure zvakatemerwa, chengetedza zviwanikwa zvemvura, uye kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Mhoroi, ini ndakanaka, munhu wese akanaka!
Miyero yekubuda kwetsvina yeindasitiri inovhara zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosvibisa, kusanganisira COD, heavy metals, BOD, yakaturikwa yakaoma, etc. The emission standards kune akasiyana maindasitiri akasiyana zvakare. Mabhizinesi anogona kureva maindasitiri anosvibisa mvura ekuburitsa zviyero zvakapihwa neBazi reEcology uye Zvakatipoteredza.
Kukosha kwekuongororwa kwemvura yetsvina mumaindasitiri kunonyanya kuratidzwa mune zvinotevera zvinhu:
1. Kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza: Kuyerera kwakananga kwemvura yakasviba yeindasitiri pasina kurapwa kuchakonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune zvakatipoteredza, sekusvibiswa kwemvura uye kusvibiswa kwevhu. Nekuyedza mvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri, dhigirii rekusvibiswa uye kuumbwa kwemvura yakasviba inogona kunyatsotariswa, ichipa hwaro hwesainzi hwekutonga nekudzivirira.
2. Kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu: Mvura yetsvina yemumaindasitiri inowanzova nezvinhu zvine chepfu uye zvinokuvadza, zvakadai sesimbi inorema uye zvinosvibisa zvinhu. Zvinhu izvi zvinoisa njodzi huru kuhutano hwevanhu. Kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwemvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri, kuvepo uye kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu izvi zvinokuvadza zvinogona kunyatsotariswa, zvichipa hwaro hwekugadzira hurongwa hwekutonga, nekudaro kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu.
3. Kukurudzira kusimukira kwemaindasitiri: Nekuwedzera kweruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza, makambani mazhinji akatanga kutarisisa kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza. Nekuyedza mvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri, makambani anogona kunzwisisa iwo ega emvura yekurasa, kupa rutsigiro rwesainzi rwekuvandudza maitiro ekugadzira uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye nekudaro kusimudzira budiriro yemaindasitiri.
Industrial wastewater test zvinhu uye zviratidzo
Zvinhu zvekuongorora mvura yetsvina zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira makemikari okisijeni kudiwa (COD), biological oxygen kudiwa (BOD), yakamiswa solids (SS), yakazara phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), yakazara nitrogen (TN), turbidity, residual chlorine, pH nezvimwe zviratidzo. Zviratidzo izvi zvinoratidza kusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemvura yakasviba, zvakadai sezvinhu zvakasikwa, zvipembenene, zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, nezvimwewo. Nekuona nekuongorora zviratidzo izvi, tinogona kunzwisisa dhigirii uye rudzi rwekusvibiswa kwemvura yakasvibiswa, uye kupa nheyo yesainzi yekugadziriswa kwemvura yakasviba uye kubuda. .
Zvakajairwa maindasitiri etsvina yekuyedza nzira
Nzira dzakajairika dzekuyedza mvura yetsvina mumaindasitiri dzinosanganisira kuongororwa kwemakemikari, biological ongororo uye kuongorora kwemuviri. Hunhu uye mashandisirwo enzira idzi zvinoburitswa pazasi.
1. Kemikari yekuongorora nzira
Kuongororwa kwemakemikari ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yemvura yetsvina yekuyedza. Iyi nzira inonyanya kutarisisa zviri mukati mezvinhu zvakasiyana mumvura yetsvina kuburikidza nekuita kwemakemikari uye kuongororwa kwehuwandu. Kemikari yekuongorora nzira dzinosanganisira titration, spectrophotometry, chromatography, etc. Pakati pavo, titration ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa kwemakemikari nzira, iyo inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa ion concentration, pH, heavy metals nezvimwe zviratidzo mumvura yakasvibiswa; spectrophotometry inzira yekuona kusangana kwechinhu nekuyera chiyero chekunyura kana kuparadzira kwechiedza nechinhu, uye inowanzoshandiswa kuona zviratidzo zvakaita seorganic matter uye ammonia nitrogen mumvura ine tsvina; chromatography inzira yekuparadzanisa uye yekuongorora inogona kushandiswa kuona organic matter, inorganic matter, polycyclic anonhuwirira hydrocarbons uye zvimwe zvinhu mumvura ine tsvina.
2. Bioanalysis
Bioanalysis ndiko kushandiswa kwekunzwa kwezvipenyu kune zvinosvibisa kuona zvinhu zvinokuvadza mumvura yetsvina. Iyi nzira ine maitiro ekunzwa kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwakasimba. Bioanalysis inosanganisira kuongororwa kwebiological uye biological monitoring. Pakati pavo, kuongororwa kwebiological ndeyekuona huturu hwezvinosvibisa mumvura yakasviba nekurima zvipenyu, uye inowanzoshandiswa kuona organic matter, heavy metals nezvimwe zvinhu mumvura ine tsvina; biological monitoring inzira yekuratidza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza nekutarisa physiological uye biochemical zviratidzo zvezvipenyu, uye inowanzoshandiswa kutarisa organic matter, heavy metals nezvimwe zvinhu mumvura ine tsvina.
3. Kuongorora muviri
Kuongorora kwemuviri ndiko kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvemuviri zvezvinhu kuona zvinhu zvinokuvadza mumvura yetsvina. Iyi nzira iri nyore kushanda, inokurumidza uye yakarurama. Nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekuongorora muviri dzinosanganisira nzira yegiravhiti chaiyo, nzira yekumisikidzwa yechinhu uye nzira yecolorimetry. Pakati pavo, nzira chaiyo yegiravhiti ndeyekuona zviri mukati mezvinhu zviri mumvura yakasviba nekuyera density; suspended matter determination method ndeyekuona mhando yemvura nekuyera zviri mukati mechinhu chakaturikwa mumvura yetsvina; colorimetry ndeyekuona zviri mukati meorganic matter, heavy metals nezvimwe zvinhu nekuyera kudzika kweruvara rwemvura yetsvina.
3. Pfupiso
Kuonekwa kwemvura yetsvina yemaindasitiri ndeimwe yenzira dzakakosha mukuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye hutongi, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kuchengetedza nharaunda, kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu uye kusimudzira budiriro yemaindasitiri. Nzira dzinowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri dzekutsvaga mvura yetsvina dzinosanganisira kuongororwa kwemakemikari, kuongororwa kwebiological uye kuongorora kwemuviri, imwe neimwe ine hunhu hwayo uye chiyero chekushandiswa. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, zvinodikanwa kuti usarudze nzira dzakakodzera dzekuona zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo kuti uve nechokwadi chechokwadi uye kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro yekuona. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kusimbisa kuumbwa uye kushandiswa kwematanho ekugadzirisa mvura yakasvibiswa kuderedza kukuvadza kwemvura yakasvibiswa kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira spectrophotometry yekuona mhando yemvura?
Parizvino, spectrophotometry ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekutsvaga mubasa rekutsvaga kwehutano hwemvura, kunyanya mukutsunga kwemasampuli emvura ane zvinyorwa zvishoma, ine zvakanakira kushanda nyore, kururamisa kwepamusoro uye kunzwisisika kwakanyanya. Kune akawanda marudzi ema spectrophotometers, ayo akakamurwa kuita inooneka spectrophotometers, ultraviolet inooneka spectrophotometers uye infrared spectrophotometers zvinoenderana newavelength renji yechiedza chinoshandiswa. Spectrophotometry inzira inowanzoshandiswa yekuongorora mukuonekwa kwemhando yemvura. Nheyo yayo huru ndeyekuona zviri mukati mechinhu chakanangwa mumhinduro nekuyera chiyero chekunyura kwemhinduro kuchiedza chewavelength chaiyo. Spectrophotometry ine zvinotevera zvakanakira:
1. Kunzwa kwakanyanya
Spectrophotometry ine yakakwira yekuona senitivity yezvinhu zvinonangwa uye inogona kuita ongororo chaiyo uye kuyerwa munzvimbo yakaderera yekutarisa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana mwenje unopfuura nemumushonga, simba rechiedza rinotorwa nechinhu chakanangana chinoenzanirana nekusangana kwechinhu chakanangana, saka kudzikira kwechinhu chakanangana kunogona kuyerwa nemazvo.
2. Wide linear range
Spectrophotometry ine yakafara mutsara mutsara uye inogona kuita zviyero zvakaringana muhukuru hwekusangana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti spectrophotometry inogona kushandiswa kune ese ari pasi-concentration uye yakakwira-yakadzika sampuli yekuongorora, ine yakanaka yekushandisa uye kuchinjika.
3. Inokurumidza uye inobudirira
Analysis mhinduro inogona kuwanikwa munguva pfupi. Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekuongorora, spectrophotometry ine yakapusa mashandiro maitiro uye nekukurumidza ongororo yekumhanyisa, inokodzera mamiriro ekuti mhedzisiro inoda kuwanikwa nekukurumidza.
4. High selectivity
Spectrophotometry inogona kuwana yakasarudzika yekuona zvinhu zvinonangwa nekusarudza yakakodzera wavelengths. Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine maitiro akasiyana ekunyura pamawavelengths akasiyana. Nekusarudza mafungu akakodzera, kupindira kubva kune zvinokanganisa zvinhu zvinogona kudzivirirwa uye kusarudzwa kwekuyera kunogona kuvandudzwa.
5. Portability uye chaiyo-nguva kuita
Spectrophotometry inogona kuwana pa-saiti nekukurumidza kuona kuburikidza inotakurika yakawanda-parameter yemhando yemvura detector, ine yakanaka portability uye chaiyo-nguva kuita. Izvi zvinoita kuti spectrophotometry ishandiswe zvakanyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mhedzisiro inoda kuwanikwa nekukurumidza, sekutarisisa nharaunda yenharaunda uye kuongorora kusvibiswa kwemvura.
Lianhua Technology mugadziri weChinese ane makore makumi mana nemaviri eruzivo mukugadzirwa kwemhando yemvura yekuyedza zviridzwa. Muna 1982, yakagadzira COD yekukurumidza digestion spectrophotometry nzira, iyo inogona kuona kukosha kwayo kweCOD mumvura yetsvina mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri, ine mareagents mashoma, nyore uye nyore kushanda, uye inozivikanwa zvakanyanya mumarabhoritari. Nekuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa nekusimudzira uye kusimudzira, Lianhua Technology ikozvino inogona kupa ammonia nitrogen zviridzwa, yakazara phosphorus zviridzwa, yakazara nitrogen zviridzwa, nitrate/nitrite zviridzwa, zvakamiswa zvakaomeswa metres, turbidity metres, yasara chlorine metres, heavy metal metres, nezvimwewo, zvakare. seakasiyana-siyana anotsigira reagents uye accessories. Lianhua Tekinoroji ine hupfumi hwechigadzirwa huwandu hwemhando yemvura yekuyedza zviridzwa, yakanaka chigadzirwa mhando, uye nenguva mushure mekutengesa-basa. Kugamuchirwa kubvunza!
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-29-2024
