Nitrogen chinhu chakakosha chinogona kuvapo nenzira dzakasiyana mumvura uye muvhu mune zvakasikwa. Nhasi tichataura pamusoro pepfungwa dze nitrogen yakazara, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen uye Kjeldahl nitrogen. Total nitrogen (TN) chiratidzo chinowanzo shandiswa kuyera huwandu hwezvinhu zvese zvenitrogen mumvura. Inosanganisira ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen uye zvimwe zvinhu zvenitrogen zvakaita senitrate uye nitrate. Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) inoreva kusanganiswa kweammonia (NH3) uye ammonia oxides (NH4+). Iyo haina kusimba alkaline nitrogen uye inogona kutorwa kubva kune biological uye kemikari maitiro mumvura. Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) inoreva kuwanda kwenitrate (NO3 -). Iyo yakanyanya acidic nitrogen uye iyo huru fomu ye nitrogen. Inogona kutorwa kubva kumabasa ehupenyu emvura kubva kuammonia nitrogen uye organic nitrogen mumvura. Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) inoreva kuwanda kwe nitrite (NO2 -). Iyo isina kusimba acidic nitrogen uye precursor ye nitrate nitrogen, iyo inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza neiyo biological uye kemikari kuita mumvura. Kjeldahl nitrogen (Kjeldahl-N) zvinoreva huwandu hweammonia oxides (NH4+) uye organic nitrogen (Norg). I ammonia nitrogen iyo inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza ne biological uye kemikari maitiro mumvura. Nitrogen iri mumvura chinhu chakakosha chinogona kukanganisa kunaka kwemvura, mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, uye kukura nekusimukira kwezvipenyu zvemumvura. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kutarisa nekudzora yakazara nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, uye Kjeldahl nitrogen mumvura. Zviri mukati menitrogen yese chiratidzo chakakosha chekuyera huwandu hwese hwenitrogen zvinhu mumvura. Kazhinji, iyo yakazara nitrogen yemukati mumvura inofanira kunge iri mukati mehumwe huwandu. Kunyanya kukwira kana kuderera zvemukati zvinokanganisa kunaka kwemvura yemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, uye Kjeldahl nitrogen zvakare zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuona zvinhu zvenitrogen mumvura. Zvemukati zvavo zvinofanirwa kunge zviri mukati meimwe nhanho. Kunyanya kukwira kana kuderera zvemukati zvinokanganisa kunaka kwemvura yemvura. Sechinhu chinovaka muviri, nitrogen inoiswa mumadziva, uye iyo yakanyanya kukonzeresa ndeye eutrophication:
1) Kana madziva ari muchimiro chechisikigo, iwo anonyanya oligotrophic kana mesotrophic. Mushure mekugamuchira exogenous nutrient kupinza, chiyero chekudya chemuviri wemvura chinowedzera, chinogona kukurudzira kukura kwemidzi uye madzinde ezvinomera zvemumvura mukati mehumwe huwandu, uye kupfumisa kwechikafu hakusi pachena.
2) Nekuramba kuchiiswa kwezvikafu zvakadai senitrogen, chiyero chekudya kwekudya nezvinomera zvemumvura chakaderera pane kuwedzera kwenitrogen. Kuwedzera kwezvinovaka muviri kunoita kuti algae iwande muhuwandu, zvishoma nezvishoma ichideredza kujeka kwemuviri wemvura, uye kukura kwezvinomera zvemumvura kunorambidzwa kusvikira yanyangarika. Panguva ino, dziva rinoshanduka kubva kudhamu remhando yeuswa kuenda kune dziva remhando yealgae, uye dziva rinoratidza maitiro eutrophication.
Parizvino, nyika zhinji dzine mitemo yakasimba pamusoro pezviri mukati menitrogen zvinhu zvakaita senitrogen yese, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen uye Kjeldahl nitrogen mumvura. Kana iyo mirau ikatyorwa, ichava nemhedzisiro yakakomba pamhando yemvura uye nharaunda yezvisikwa zvemuviri wemvura. Naizvozvo, munhu wese anofanirwa kutarisisa kutariswa uye kutonga kwezvinhu zvenitrogen mumitumbi yemvura kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mhando yemvura yemitumbi yemvura inosangana nezviyero zvenyika.
Muchidimbu,yakazara nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen uye Kjeldahl nitrogenzviratidzo zvakakosha zve nitrogen zvinhu mumitumbi yemvura. Zviri mukati mavo chiratidzo chakakosha chemhando yemvura, uye kutarisa uye kutonga kwakakosha zvikuru. Chete kuburikidza nekutarisa zvine musoro uye kutonga kwezvinhu zve nitrogen mumitumbi yemvura tinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti mhando yemvura inosangana nezviyero uye kuchengetedza hutano hwemuviri wemvura.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-05-2024
