Kutaura nezveCOD neBOD
Mukutaura kwehunyanzvi
COD inomirira Chemical Oxygen Demand. Chemical Oxygen Demand chinhu chakakosha chemhando yekusvibiswa kwemvura, chinoshandiswa kuratidza huwandu hwekudzikisa zvinhu (kunyanya organic matter) mumvura. Chiyero cheCOD chinotarwa nekushandisa maoxidants akasimba (akadai se potassium dichromate kana potassium permanganate) kurapa masampuli emvura pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, uye huwandu hweoxidants inopedzwa hunogona kutaridza huwandu hwekusvibiswa kwe organic mumiviri yemvura. Iyo yakakura kukosha kweCOD, iyo yakanyanya kukomba muviri wemvura wakasvibiswa neorganic matter.
Nzira dzekuyera dzemakemikari anodiwa kunyanya dzinosanganisira dichromate nzira, potassium permanganate nzira uye itsva ultraviolet absorption nzira. Pakati pavo, iyo potassium dichromate nzira ine yakakwirira kuyerwa mhedzisiro uye yakakodzera kune dzimwe nguva dzine hupamhi hwepamusoro zvinodiwa, senge maindasitiri emarara ekutarisa; nepo potassium permanganate nzira iri nyore kushanda, ine mari uye inoshanda, uye yakakodzera mvura yepamusoro, zvitubu zvemvura uye mvura yekunwa. Kutarisa mvura.
Zvikonzero zvekunyanya kudiwa kweokisijeni yemakemikari zvinowanzoenderana nekubuda kwemaindasitiri, tsvina yemumaguta uye zviitiko zvekurima. Organic zvinhu uye zvinodzikisa zvinhu kubva kune izvi zvitubu zvinopinda mumvura yemvura, zvichiita kuti COD hunhu hupfuure mwero. Kuti udzore COD yakawandisa, matanho anoshanda anofanirwa kutorwa kuderedza kuburitswa kubva kune aya masosi ekusvibisa uye kusimbisa kudzora kusvibiswa kwemvura.
Kupfupisa, kudiwa kwemakemikari okisijeni chiratidzo chakakosha chinoratidza dhigirii rekusvibiswa kwehupenyu hwemitumbi yemvura. Nekushandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekuyera, tinogona kunzwisisa kusvibiswa kwemitumbi yemvura uye tozotora matanho anoenderana ekurapwa.
BOD inomirira Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) chiratidzo chakakwana chinoratidza zviri mukati mezvinhu zvinoda oxygen zvakaita semakomboni ari mumvura. Kana organic matter iri mumvura ikasangana nemhepo, inowora ne aerobic microorganisms uye inova inorganic kana gasified. Chiyero chekudiwa kweokisijeni yebiochemical inowanzoenderana nekuderedzwa kweokisijeni mumvura mushure mekuita pane imwe tembiricha (20 ° C) kwenhamba yakatarwa yemazuva (kazhinji mazuva mashanu).
Zvikonzero zvekukwira kweokisijeni kudiwa kweiyo biochemical inogona kusanganisira yakakwira organic zvinhu mumvura, iyo yakaodzwa nema microorganisms uye inodya yakawanda yeokisijeni. Semuyenzaniso, maindasitiri, ekurima, mvura yemumvura, nezvimwewo zvinoda kuti kudiwa kweokisijeni yebiochemical kuve isingasviki 5mg/L, nepo mvura yekunwa ichifanira kunge iri pasi pe1mg/L.
Biochemical oxygen inodiwa nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinosanganisira dilution uye inoculation nzira, umo kuderedzwa kweokisijeni yakanyungudika mushure mekunge sampu yemvura yakanyungudutswa yakavharwa mune inogara tembiricha incubator pa20 ° C kwemazuva mashanu inoshandiswa kuverenga BOD. Pamusoro pezvo, chiyero chekudiwa kweokisijeni yebiochemical kune kudiwa kwemakemikari okisijeni (COD) inogona kuratidza kuti zvingani zvinosvibisa zvipenyu zviri mumvura zvinonetsa kuti utachiona huparare. Izvi zvinosvibisa organic izvo zvinonetsa kuora zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kukuru kune zvakatipoteredza.
Biochemical okisijeni inoda mutoro (BOD mutoro) inoshandiswawo kuratidza huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakagadziriswa pachiyero cheyuniti yenzvimbo yekuchenesa mvura yetsvina (senge biological mafirita, aeration matangi, nezvimwewo). Inoshandiswa kuona huwandu hwenzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura yetsvina uye kushanda uye manejimendi ezvivakwa. zvinhu zvinokosha.
COD neBOD vane chinhu chakafanana, ndiko kuti, vanogona kushandiswa sechiratidzo chakazara kuratidza zviri mukati meiyo organic zvinosvibisa mumvura. Maonero avo kune oxidation ye organic matter akasiyana zvachose.
COD: Chimiro chakashinga uye chisingadzoreki, chinowanzoshandisa potassium permanganate kana potassium dichromate seyo oxidant, inowedzerwa nekupisa kwepamusoro-soro. Inoteerera nzira inokurumidza, yakarurama uye ine utsinye, uye inosvibisa zvinhu zvose zvehupenyu munguva pfupi kuburikidza ne spectrophotometry, dichromate Kuwanda kweokisijeni inopedzwa inoverengwa nenzira dzekutsvaga dzakadai seyo nzira, iyo yakanyorwa seCODcr neCODmn maererano zvakasiyana. oxidants. Kazhinji, potassium dichromate inowanzoshandiswa kuyera tsvina. Iko kukosha kweCOD iyo inowanzotaurwa ndiyo chaiyo CODcr kukosha, uye potassium permanganate ndiyo Kukosha kwakayerwa mvura yekunwa uye pamusoro pemvura inonzi permanganate index, iyo zvakare iyo CODmn kukosha. Hazvina mhosva kuti ndeipi oxidant inoshandiswa kuyera COD, iyo yakakwira iyo COD kukosha, ndiko kwakanyanya kusvibisa kusvibiswa kwemuviri wemvura.
BOD: Nyoro mhando. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, ma microorganisms anovimbwa nawo kuti aparadze biodegradable organic matter mumvura kuverenga huwandu hweokisijeni yakanyungudika inopedzwa mune biochemical reaction. Nyatsoteerera kune nhanho-nhanho maitiro. Semuenzaniso, kana nguva yebiological oxidation iri mazuva mashanu, inorekodhwa semazuva mashanu ekuchinja kwebiochemical. Oxygen inoda (BOD5), inoenderana BOD10, BOD30, BOD inoratidza huwandu hwe biodegradable organic matter mumvura. Kuenzaniswa nechisimba oxidation yeCOD, zvakaoma kuti ma microorganisms aite oxidize imwe organic matter, saka kukosha kweBOD kunogona kunzi sewage.
, iyo ine kukosha kwakakosha kwekutarisa kwekuchenesa tsvina, rwizi kuzvichenesa, nezvimwe.
COD neBOD zvose zviri zviratidzo zvekusangana kwezvinosvibisa zvipenyu mumvura. Zvinoenderana nereshiyo yeBOD5 / COD, chiratidzo che biodegradability yetsvina inogona kuwanikwa:
Chimiro chacho ndeichi: BOD5/COD=(1-α)×(K/V)
Kana B/C＞0.58, zvachose biodegradable
B/C=0.45-0.58 yakanaka biodegradability
B/C=0.30-0.45 Biodegradable
0.1B/C＜0.1 Kwete biodegradable
BOD5/COD=0.3 inowanzogadzikwa semuganho wakaderera wetsvina inoora.
Lianhua inogona kukurumidza kuongorora mhedzisiro yeCOD mumvura mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri, uye inogonawo kupa akasiyana reagents, akadai seupfu reagents, reagents remvura uye pre-yakagadzirwa reagents. Iko kushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakapusa, mhedzisiro inokurumidza uye yakarurama, iyo reagent inoshandiswa idiki, uye kusvibiswa kudiki.
Lianhua inogonawo kupa zvakasiyana-siyana mabhodhoro ekuona zviridzwa, zvakadai sezviridzwa zvinoshandisa biofilm nzira yekukurumidza kuyera BOD mumaminitsi e8, uye BOD5, BOD7 uye BOD30 inoshandisa mercury-free differential pressure method, iyo yakakodzera kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuona.
Nguva yekutumira: May-11-2024
