Pfungwa yekusara kweklorini
Residual chlorine huwandu hweklorini inowanikwa yasara mumvura mushure mekunge mvura yaitwa chlorine uye yaiswa disinfected.
Ichi chikamu cheklorini chinowedzerwa panguva yekurapa kwemvura nzira yekuuraya mabhakitiriya, tupukanana, organic zvinhu uye inorganic zvinhu mumvura. Residual chlorine chiratidzo chakakosha chekuita disinfection yemitumbi yemvura. Residual chlorine inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zviviri, zvinoti yemahara yakasara chlorine uye yakasanganiswa yasara chlorine. Yemahara yakasara chlorine inonyanya kusanganisira yemahara chlorine muchimiro cheCl2, HOCl, OCl-, nezvimwewo; yakasanganiswa residual chlorine i chloramine zvinhu zvinogadzirwa mushure mekuita kwemahara chlorine uye ammonium zvinhu, senge NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3, nezvimwewo. Kazhinji, residual chlorine inoreva yakasara chlorine, nepo yakazara residual chlorine ndiyo uwandu hwemasara echlorine yakasanganiswa yakasara chlorine.
Huwandu hweklorini yasara inowanzoyerwa nemamilligrams parita. Huwandu hweklorini yasara inoda kuve yakakodzera, kwete yakanyanya kana kuderera. Kunyanya kukwira klorini inosara inoita kuti mvura inwe kunhuhwirira, nepo yakasara yakadzikira chlorine inogona kuita kuti mvura irasikirwe nekukwanisa kuchengetedza sterilization uye kuderedza kuchengetedzwa kwehutsanana kwemvura. Naizvozvo, mukurapwa kwepombi yemvura, chiyero cheklorini yakasara chinowanzotariswa uye kugadziridzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kukodzera kwemhando yemvura.
Basa reklorini mukurapwa kwesuweji yemudhorobha
1. Basa re chlorine disinfection
Chlorination inzira inowanzoshandiswa yekuuraya utachiona nzira yekurapa tsvina yemumaguta. Mabasa ayo makuru ndeaya anotevera:
1. Yakanaka disinfection effect
Mukuchenesa tsvina, chlorine inogona kuuraya mabhakitiriya mazhinji nemavhairasi. Chlorine inactivates microorganisms neoxidizing mapuroteni avo uye nucleic acids. Mukuwedzera, chlorine inogona kuuraya mazai uye cysts ezvimwe zvipembenene.
2. Oxidizing effect pahutano hwemvura
Kuwedzera chlorine kunogonawo kuita oxidize organic matter mumvura, zvichiita kuti organic matter iparadzwe kuita inorganic acids, carbon dioxide nezvimwe zvinhu. Chlorine inopindirana neorganic matter mumvura kuburitsa oxidants senge hypochlorous acid uye chlorine monoxide, iyo inozoora iyo organic matter.
3. Kudzivisa kukura kwebhakitiriya
Kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hweklorini kunogona kutadzisa kukura kwemamwe ma microorganisms, kuderedza huwandu hwedhaka mutangi rekuita, uye kuderedza kuoma uye mutengo wekutevera kurapwa.
2. Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zveChlorine Disinfection
1. Zvakanakira
(1) Yakanaka disinfection effect: Yakakodzera dosi yechlorine inogona kuuraya mabhakitiriya mazhinji nemavhairasi.
(2) Nyore dosing: Iyo chlorine dosing michina ine yakapusa chimiro uye iri nyore kuchengetedza.
(3) Mutengo wakaderera: Mutengo wemidziyo yekuunza chlorine yakaderera uye iri nyore kutenga.
2. Zvakaipa
(1) Chlorine inogadzira zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita se hypochloronitrile: Kana chlorine ikasangana nenitrogen-ine organic zvinhu, zvinokuvadza zvakaita se hypochloronitrile zvinogadzirwa, izvo zvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
(2) Chlorine yakasara dambudziko: Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zveklorini hazvina kushanduka uye zvinoramba zviri mumvura, zvichikanganisa kushandiswa kwemvura kunotevera kana matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza.
3. Nyaya dzinoda kutariswa pakuisa chlorine
1. Chlorine concentration
Kana iyo chlorine concentration yakaderera, iyo disinfection mhedzisiro haigone kuwanikwa uye sewage haigone kuve nekuita disinfected; kana chlorine concentration yakanyanyisa, iyo yakasara yeklorini yemukati mumvura yemvura ichave yakakwirira, ichikonzera kukuvadza kumuviri wemunhu.
2. Chlorine jekiseni nguva
Iyo nguva yejekiseni re chlorine inofanirwa kusarudzwa pakuyerera kwekupedzisira kweseweji yekuchenesa nzira kudzivirira tsvina kubva pakurasikirwa neklorini kana kugadzira zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekuvirisa mune mamwe maitiro, zvichizokanganisa maitiro ekuuraya hutachiona.
3. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zveklorini
Zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana zveklorini zvine mitengo yakasiyana uye maitiro pamusika, uye kusarudzwa kwezvigadzirwa kunofanirwa kuenderana nemamiriro chaiwo.
Muchidimbu, kuwedzera chlorine ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinoshanda dzekugadziriswa kwetsvina yemumaguta uye kuuraya utachiona. Mukugadzirisa kwekuchenesa tsvina, kushandiswa zvine musoro uye jekiseni reklorini kunogona kunyatso chengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwemhando yemvura uye kugadzirisa mashandiro ekuchenesa tsvina. Nekudaro, kune zvakare mamwe ehunyanzvi ruzivo uye nyaya dzekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza dzinoda kutariswa kana uchiwedzera chlorine.
Nei chlorine ichiwedzerwa mukurapwa kwemvura:
Mune effluent nhanho yepombi yemvura yepombi uye sewage yekuchenesa zvidyarwa, iyo chlorine disinfection process inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuuraya mabhakitiriya uye mavhairasi mumvura. Mukurapa kwemaindasitiri kutenderera mvura inotonhorera, iyo chlorine sterilization uye algae kubviswa maitiro inoshandiswa zvakare, nekuti panguva yekutonhora kutenderera kwemvura, nekuda kwekubuda kwechikamu chemvura, chikafu chiri mumvura chinonangana, mabhakitiriya uye mamwe ma microorganisms. ichawanda muhuwandu hukuru, uye zviri nyore kuumba slime Tsvina, marara akawandisa uye tsvina zvinogona kukonzera kuvharika kwepombi uye kuora.
Kana iyo yakasara yeklorini yekuisa mumvura yemupombi yakawandisa, njodzi huru ndeidzi:
1. Inonyanya kushungurudza uye inokuvadza kumhepo yekufema.
2. Inopindirana nyore nyore ne organic matter mumvura kuti ibudise carcinogens yakadai se chloroform uye chloroform.
3. Sekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa. Semuenzaniso, kana ichishandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvewaini yemupunga, ine hutachiona hwehutachiona pambiriso mukuvirisa uye inokanganisa kunaka kwewaini. Nekuti chlorine inowanzo shandiswa kuchenesa mvura yemupombi, uye yakasara chlorine inoburitsa carcinogens senge chloroform panguva yekudziya. Kunwa kwenguva refu kuchakonzera kukuvadza kukuru kumuviri wemunhu. Kunyanya mumakore achangopfuura, kusvibiswa kwemvura kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinotungamirira zvakananga kuwedzera kwezvakasara zveklorini mumvura yepombi.
Ndedzipi nzira dzekuyera dzeyakasara chlorine?
1. DPD colorimetry
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Nheyo: Pasi pepH 6.2 ~ 6.5 mamiriro, ClO2 inotanga kuita neDPD mudanho rekutanga kugadzira musanganiswa wakatsvuka, asi huwandu hunoonekwa hunongosvika pachikamu chimwe chete cheshanu chehuwandu huripo hweklorini yemukati (yakaenzana nekudzikisa ClO2 kune chlorite ion) imwe. Kana sampuli yemvura yakagadziriswa muhupo hweiodide, chlorite uye chlorate inobatawo, uye kana yakasvibiswa nekuwedzera bicarbonate, ruvara runoguma rwunoenderana nehuwandu huripo hweklorini yeClO2. Kupindira kweklorini yemahara kunogona kudzorwa nekuwedzera glycine. Nheyo ndeyokuti glycine inogona kushandura pakarepo chlorine yemahara kuita chlorinated aminoacetic acid, asi haina mhedzisiro paClO2.
2. Coated electrode nzira
Nheyo: Iyo electrode inonyudzwa mukamuri ye electrolyte, uye kamuri ye electrolyte inosangana nemvura kuburikidza ne porous hydrophilic membrane. Hypochlorous acid inopararira mu electrolyte cavity kuburikidza ne porous hydrophilic membrane, ichiita ikozvino pane electrode pamusoro. Kukura kweiyo ikozvino kunoenderana nekumhanya uko hypochlorous acid inopararira mukati me electrolyte cavity. The diffusion rate inoenzana nekuwanda kweyakasara chlorine mumushonga. Edza saizi yazvino. Iko kusanganiswa kweklorini yakasara mumushonga inogona kugadziriswa.
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3. Constant voltage electrode nzira (membraneless electrode nzira)
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Nheyo: Kugona kwakagadzikana kunochengetedzwa pakati peyero uye referenzi maelectrode, uye akasiyana akayerwa zvikamu zvinogadzira akasiyana azvino kusimba pane izvi zvinogoneka. Iyo ine maviri eplatinamu electrode uye referenzi electrode kugadzira microcurrent kuyerwa system. Payekuyeresa electrode, mamorekuru eklorini kana hypochlorite anopedzwa, uye kusimba kweiyo ikozvino inogadzirwa kune hukama nekusangana kweyakasara chlorine mumvura.
Lianhua's inotakurika yasara chlorine yekuyeresa chiridzwa LH-P3CLO inoshandisa iyo DPD yekuona nzira, iri nyore kushandisa uye inogona kuburitsa mhedzisiro nekukurumidza. Iwe unongoda kuwedzera 2 reagents uye sampuli kuti iongororwe, uye iwe unogona kuwana kuenzanisa kwemavara mhinduro. Chiyero chechiyero chakafara, zvinodiwa zviri nyore, uye mhedzisiro yacho ndeyechokwadi.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-30-2024
