27. Ndeipi mhando yemvura yakasimba?
Chiratidzo chinoratidza huwandu hwese hwakasimba mumvura izvinhu zvakasimba zvese, izvo zvakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: zvinhu zvakasimba zvinoshanduka uye zvinhu zvisingachinji. Zvinhu zvakasimba zvese zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakasimba zvakamiswa (SS) uye zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa (DS), chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinogonawo kupatsanurwa kuita zvinhu zvakasimba zvinoshanduka uye zvisingachinji.
Nzira yekuyera zvinhu zvakasimba ndeyekuyera huremu hwezvinhu zvakasimba zvasara mushure mekunge mvura yatsvuka pa103oC ~ 105oC. Nguva yekuomesa nehukuru hwezvinhu zvakasimba zvine chekuita nedryer inoshandiswa, asi chero zvakadaro, kureba kwenguva yekuomesa kunofanirwa kuenderana neInobva pakuomesa kwemvura yese iri musampuli yemvura kusvika huremu hwacho hwagara huripo mushure mekuomesa.
Zvinhu zvakaoma zvachose zvinoshanduka zvinomiririra huremu hwakasimba hunoderedzwa nekupisa zvinhu zvakaoma zvose pakupisa kwakanyanya kwe600oC, saka zvinonziwo kuderedza uremu nekupisa, uye zvinogona kuratidza huwandu hwezvinhu zvipenyu mumvura. Nguva yekupisa yakafanana nenguva yekuoma pakuyera huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaoma. Inofanira kupiswa kusvika kabhoni yese iri mumuenzaniso yapera. Huremu hwezvinhu zvasara mushure mekupiswa isimbi yakasimba, inozivikanwawo sedota, iyo inogona kuratidza huwandu hwezvinhu zvisingararami mumvura.
28. Chii chinonzi zvinhu zvakaoma zvakanyungudutswa?
Zvinhu zvakaoma zvakanyungudutswa zvinonziwo zvinhu zvinosefa. Chinosefa mushure mekusefa zvinhu zvakaoma zvakanyungudutswa chinobviswa mvura yoomeswa patembiricha ye103oC ~ 105oC, uye huremu hwezvinhu zvakasara hunoyerwa, hunova zvinhu zvakaoma zvakanyungudutswa. Zvinhu zvakaoma zvakanyungudutswa zvinosanganisira munyu usingasanganisike nezvinhu zvipenyu zvakanyungudutswa mumvura. Zvinogona kuverengerwa nekubvisa huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaoma zvakanyungudutswa kubva muzvinhu zvose zvakaoma. Chiyero chakajairika i mg/L.
Kana tsvina ikashandiswazve mushure mekugadziriswa kwepamusoro, zvinhu zvayo zvakanyungudutswa zvinofanira kudzorwa mukati memhando yakati. Zvikasadaro, pachava nemigumisiro yakaipa ingave inoshandiswa pakuchenesa, kusukira chimbuzi, kugeza mota nedzimwe mvura dzakasiyana-siyana kana semvura inotenderera mumaindasitiri. Muyero weMinistry of Construction we "Water Quality Standard for Domestic Miscellaneous Water" CJ/T48–1999 unoti zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa zvemvura inoshandiswazve pakuchenesa chimbuzi hazvifanirwe kudarika 1200 mg/L, uye zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa zvemvura inoshandiswazve pakuchenesa mota hazvifanirwe kudarika 1000 mg/L.
29. Chii chinonzi munyu uye munyu wemvura?
Huremu hwemunyu mumvura hunonziwo huremu hwemunyu, hunomiririra huwandu hwemunyu huri mumvura. Chiyero chakajairika i mg/L. Sezvo munyu uri mumvura wese uri muchimiro chemaion, huwandu hwemunyu ihuwandu hweanions nemacations akasiyana-siyana mumvura.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mutsananguro yekuti huwandu hwemvura yakanyungudutswa hwakakura kupfuura huwandu hwemunyu wayo, nekuti zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa zvine zvimwe zvinhu zvipenyu. Kana huwandu hwezvinhu zvipenyu mumvura hwakaderera zvikuru, zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa dzimwe nguva zvinogona kushandiswa kuyera huwandu hwemunyu mumvura.
30. Chii chinonzi conductivity yemvura?
Kufambiswa kwemvura (conductivity) ndiko kudzokororwa kwesimba remvura, uye unit yayo i μs/cm. Munyu wakasiyana-siyana unonyungudika mumvura unowanikwa mune ionic state, uye maion aya ane kugona kufambisa magetsi. Munyu wakawanda unonyungudika mumvura, huwandu hwemaion hunowedzera, uye huwandu hwemvura hunokwira. Saka, zvichienderana nekufambiswa kwemvura, inogona kuratidza huwandu hwese hwemunyu mumvura kana huwandu hwakasimba hwakanyungudika mumvura.
Kuyerera kwemvura yakachena yakacheneswa kuri pakati pe0.5 ne2 μs/cm, kuyerera kwemvura yakachena zvakanyanya kuri pasi pe0.1 μs/cm, uye kuyerera kwemvura yakaomeswa inoburitswa kubva kunzvimbo dzemvura dzakanyorova kunogona kusvika zviuru zve μs/cm.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-08-2023
