Ndedzipi nzira dzekutarisa sewage nharaunda?

Ndedzipi nzira dzekutarisa sewage nharaunda?
Nzira yekuongorora muviri: inonyanya kushandiswa kuona zvinhu zvemuviri zvemvura yetsvina, zvakadai sekushisa, turbidity, suspended solids, conductivity, etc. Nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekuongorora muviri dzinosanganisira nzira chaiyo yegiravhiti, nzira yetitration uye photometric nzira.
Kemikari yekuona nzira: inonyanya kushandiswa kuona zvinosvibisa kemikari mutsvina, senge PH kukosha, okisijeni yakanyungudika, makemikari okisijeni kudiwa, biochemical oxygen kudiwa, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus yakazara, heavy metals, etc. Inowanzo shandiswa nzira dzekuona makemikari dzinosanganisira titration, spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, ion chromatography uye zvichingodaro.
Nzira yekuongorora zvipenyu: inonyanya kushandiswa kuona zvinosvibisa zvipenyu mumvura yetsvina, zvakadai sepathogenic microorganisms, algae, etc. Nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekuongorora zvipenyu dzinosanganisira nzira yekuona maikorosikopu, nzira yekuverenga tsika, microplate reader nzira nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Nzira yekuona chepfu: inonyanya kushandiswa kuongorora huturu hwezvinosvibisa mutsvina pazvipenyu, senge chepfu yakakomba, chepfu chisingaperi, etc. Nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekuongorora huturu dzinosanganisira biological toxicity test method, microbial toxicity test method zvichingodaro.
Yakakwana yekuongorora nzira: kuburikidza nekuongorora kwakazara kwezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana mumvura yetsvina, ongorora iyo yose yezvakatipoteredza kunaka kwetsvina.Nzira dzinowanzo shandiswa dzakadzama dzekuongorora dzinosanganisira nzira yekusvibisa indekisi, nzira isina kujeka yekuongorora, nzira huru yekuongorora uye zvichingodaro.
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuona mvura yetsvina, asi essence ichiri kubva pamhedzisiro yemhando yemhando yemvura uye tekinoroji yekuchenesa mvura.Kutora mvura yetsvina yemumaindasitiri sechinhu, anotevera marudzi maviri ekuonekwa kwemvura yetsvina yekuyera zviri mukati meorganic matter mumvura yetsvina.Kutanga, nyore oxidation ye organic matter mumvura inoshandiswa hunhu, uyezve zvishoma nezvishoma kuona uye kuenzanisa iyo organic komisheni ine yakaoma zvikamu mumvura.
Environmental test
(1) Kuonekwa kweBOD, kureva kuti, biochemical oxygen inoda kuonekwa.Biochemical oxygen kudiwa ndicho chinangwa chekuyera zviri mukati me aerobic zvinosvibisa senge organic zvinhu mumvura.Kukwirira kwaivavarirwa, ndiko kuwedzera kwezvinosvibisa zvipenyu mumvura, uye kusvibisa kwakanyanya.Organic zvinosvibisa mushuga, chikafu, mapepa, faibha uye mamwe maindasitiri emarara emvura anogona kusiyaniswa neiyo biochemical chiito che aerobic bacteria, nekuti okisijeni inopedzwa mukusiyanisa, saka inonziwo aerobic pollutants, kana zvakadaro zvinosvibisa. muviri wemvura unokonzeresa kusakwana kwakanyungudika okisijeni mumvura.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo organic matter inozosvibiswa neanaerobic bacteria mumvura, zvichikonzera huwori, uye kugadzira magasi anonhuwa senge methane, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, uye ammonia, izvo zvichaita kuti muviri wemvura uwedzere kunhuwa.
(2)Kuonekwa kweCOD, kureva kuti, makemikari okisijeni anoda kuonekwa, anoshandisa makemikari oxidants kusiyanisa zvinhu zvinogadziriswa mumvura kuburikidza nemakemikari reaction oxidation, uye zvino inoverenga kushandiswa kweokisijeni kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemaoxidants asara.Kemikari okisijeni inoda (COD) inowanzoshandiswa seyero yemvura Indekisi yezvakagadzirwa zvemukati, iyo yakakura kukosha, zvakanyanya kunyanyisa kusvibiswa kwemvura.Kutemerwa kwemakemikari okisijeni kudiwa kunosiyana nekutsunga uye nzira dzekumisa dzekudzikisa zvinhu mumasampuli emvura.Parizvino, nzira dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya iacidic potassium permanganate oxidation nzira uye Potassium dichromate oxidation nzira.
Izvo zviviri zvinopindirana, asi zvakasiyana.Kuonekwa kweCOD kunogona kunyatsobata zviri mukati meiyo organic matter mumvura yetsvina, uye zvinotora nguva shoma kuyera nenguva.Zvichienzaniswa nayo, zvakaoma kuratidza iyo organic matter yakashongedzwa nema microorganisms.Kubva pakuona kwehutsanana, inogona kutsanangura zvakananga chiyero chekusvibiswa.Pamusoro pezvo, tsvina yemvura inewo zvimwe zvinodzikisira inorganic zvinhu, izvo zvinodawo kushandisa okisijeni panguva yekuita oxidation, saka COD ichine zvikanganiso.
Pane hukama pakati pezviviri, kukosha kweBOD5iri pasi peCOD, musiyano pakati pezviviri zvinenge zvakaenzana nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinoramba zvichiwedzera, iyo yakakura kusiyana, iyo inonyanya kupikisa organic matter, munyaya iyi, haifaniri kushandisa biological Naizvozvo, chiyero cheBOD5 / COD chinogona inoshandiswa kutonga kana mvura yetsvina yakafanira kurapwa kwebiology.Kazhinji, chiyero cheBOD5 / COD chinonzi biochemical index.Iyo diki reshiyo, iyo isingakodzeri kurapwa kwebiological.Iyo BOD5/COD reshiyo yemvura yetsvina inokodzera kurapwa kwebiological Kazhinji inoonekwa yakakura kupfuura 0.3.